La construcción de un sistema de gestión para la pesca recreativa marina en Galicia

Acabamos de publicar un artículo en Ocean and Coastal Management sobre la gestión de la pesca marítima recreativa en Galicia (acceso abierto gratuito durante 50 días).

En el artículo, en el que revisamos el marco legal y las iniciativas de investigación acerca de la pesca marítima recreativa, constatamos que la normativa de la Unión Europea ha sido fundamental para  promover la sostenibilidad de este sector. Por otro lado, son necesarios más expertos y datos científicos, además de organizaciones de pescadores más fuertes.

 

Ponencias sobre pesca marítima recreativa

Estos son los resúmenes de tres ponencias en las que participé y que fueron presentadas durante el Primer Simposio Internacional sobre Pesca Marítima Recreativa ISMAREF 2018, que tuvo lugar el 14 y 15 de septiembre de 2018 en el Museo do Mar de Galicia de Vigo.

ESTADO DEL ARTE DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN SOBRE PESCA MARÍTIMA RECREATIVA EN ESPAÑA

En Europa practican la pesca marítima recreativa (PMR) 10 millones de aficionados que generan un gasto de 6 000 millones de euros anuales [1]. En España se estima que hay 300 000 pescadores recreativos que realizan un gasto de 217 millones de euros anuales [1]. Por estos motivos, la Política Pesquera Común (PPC) reconoce que “la pesca recreativa puede tener un impacto significativo en los recursos pesqueros y por ello los Estados Miembros (EM) deben asegurar que se realiza de forma compatible con los objetivos de la PPC». En la Unión Europea se han desarrollado algunas iniciativas dirigidas a analizar la PMR, pero es necesario realizar un mayor esfuerzo investigador para gestionar la actividad de manera sostenible, especialmente en el Sur de Europa [2]. En España no existe una recogida sistemática de información sobre la PMR y no se ha realizado un análisis sobre las iniciativas de investigación desarrolladas hasta la fecha con el objetivo de identificar las necesidades futuras y mejorar su gestión. Precisamente, el análisis del estado del arte de la investigación sobre PMR en España es uno de los objetivos del Proyecto SICORE. El Proyecto SICORE es una iniciativa dirigida a promover la sostenibilidad ambiental, social y económica de la PMR en España, impulsada por un consorcio liderado por la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela y del que forman parte la Federación Gallega de Pesca Marítima Responsable y Náutica de Recreo, el Centro Tecnológico AZTI-Tecnalia, el CSIC, a través del el CEAB-CSIC y el CSIC-IMEDEA, la Universidad de Girona y la Universidad de Murcia. En esta comunicación, se presentan los resultados del Proyecto SICORE en relación con un análisis de la información contenida en los 22 proyectos, 68 artículos, 5 libros, 8 comunicaciones a congresos, y 35 informes técnicos sobre PMR realizados en España hasta la fecha.

PESCARDATA – RECREATIONAL FISHERIES IN MAINLAND PORTUGAL

Recreational fishing is an important socioeconomic activity that needs systematic studies and data monitoring programs. The Pescardata project, coordinated by the Centre for Marine Sciences of the University of Algarve has two goals: (1) fill the gaps with regard the systematic collection of data on the recreational catches of the species included in the Data Collection Framework of the European Union; and (2) analyze different dimensions of the recreational fishing activity that takes place in the mainland Portugal coastal area. The project aims at: characterizing several aspects of this activity, describing socioeconomically the recreational fishery population, analysing different characteristics of the fishing trips, typifying fishing areas, quantifying and qualifying catches, identifying fate of caught individuals, and estimating the proportion of recreational catches when compared to commercial catches. To attain these objectives, a comprehensive sampling strategy was defined for 2018, by dividing the continental coastline in 5 km sections within NUTS II areas (Territorial Units for Statistical Purposes): North, Center, Metropolitan Area of Lisbon – AML, Alentejo and Algarve. Data is obtained by: face-to-face questionnaire surveys (digital format in an Android system), fishing logbooks, historical sport fishing activity data from anglers’ federations and associations, and fishing tournaments. Onboard observers are used for boat angling, while face-to-face questionnaires are conducted via roving creel surveys for shore angling and spearfishing, and access point surveys used for onboard angling and spearfishing. Here we describe and discuss the sampling methodology. Also, we present an outline of the main outcomes observed during winter (the season sampled and analyzed so far), where the number of fishing events observed, and consequent caught individuals, were below the anticipated, even though 79 face-to-face questionnaire campaigns were carried out, covering 9103 km of visited coastline. The atypically harsh atmospheric and sea conditions observed during this season may account for these observations.

THE VALUES OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES THAT SUPPORT MARINE RECREATIONAL FISHERIES IN SPAIN

Marine ecosystem services are the contributions of marine ecosystems to people, supporting, directly or indirectly, people’s survival and quality of life, and also the development of the global economy [1]. Humans have always benefited from marine ecosystems, either more obviously in the form of food resources or materials, or more subtly in the form of cultural heritage and identity, or recreational opportunities [2].
The vast majority of the world’s nation-states ratified international agreements, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, to protect biodiversity and ecosystem services, recognising that human actions are dismantling the Earth’s ecosystems at an alarming rate, crossing safe planetary boundaries [3]. In fact, Humanity has entered the Anthropocene epoch, where human activity is the major driving force behind environmental change on the planet [4]. Recognising the plural values of biodiversity and ecosystem services for human well-being, and taking into account those values in policy and practice, can help halting and mitigating negative impacts of human activities on nature. Ecosystem services provide the settings for marine recreational fisheries in Spain, but the informal nature of that recreation means that the characteristics of the activity, and the values associated to it, are difficult to determine. Given the increasing social and economic relevance of marine recreational fisheries, we present a rapid systematic literature review about the existing scientific evidence on ecosystem services that support marine recreational fisheries in Spain. We will include economic and socio-cultural valuations of ecosystem services that support marine recreational fisheries, at different spatial and temporal scales.

El ISMAREF 2018, fue organizado por el Proyecto SICORE, financiado por la Fundación Biodiversidad del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica, a través del Programa Pleamar, cofinanciado por el Fondo Europeo Marítimo y de Pesca.

La pesca del pez gato en los lagos de la llanura de inundación del Amazonas

Este es el nuevo trabajo, liderado por Walter Pinaya, que acabamos de publicar en la revista Oceanography & Fisheries Open Access Journal sobre la pesca del pez gato Hypophthalmus spp en la llanura de inundación del Amazonas. El acceso al artículo es libre y gratuito:

Combinando el conocimiento de los pescadores y herramientas de gestión baratas en la gestión de pesquerías recreativas marinas: el caso de estudio de las pesquerías de calamar y sepia en la Ría de Vigo

Se acaba de publicar en la revista Fisheries Management and Ecology nuestro artículo sobre el uso del conocimiento de los pescadores y de herramientas de gestión baratas, aplicado a la pesquería recreativa de calamares y sepias en la Ría de Vigo Este artículo forma parte de los resultados del Proyecto RECREGES. El título original:

Combining fishers’ knowledge and cost-effective monitoring tools in the management of marine recreational fisheries: A case study of the squid and cuttlefish fishery of the Ría of Vigo (NW Spain).

Abstract

A new methodology based in the use of fishers’ knowledge and cost-effective tools to obtain information about marine recreational fisheries (MRF) is presented. The squid and cuttlefish fishery of the Ría of Vigo (NW Spain) was selected because it is managed in a data-poor environment. In-depth interviews (57) were conducted with fishers, collecting ecological and socio-economic information. A cartography of fishing grounds based on their knowledge was obtained, while the intensity of effort and catches was mapped by the monitoring of two vessels with low-cost GPS data loggers. The 102 shore anglers and 248 recreational boats catch 8 t/year of European squid Loligo vulgaris and 11 t/year of common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (11% of total catches on these species in the area). Shore anglers fish from 11 ports, while boat fishers use 14 fishing grounds (covering 30 km2). Most of the catches (86%) are landed by boats, and their CPUE is higher in the outer part of the Ría of Vigo. The use of fishers’ knowledge and cost-effective monitoring is encouraged to obtain information for the management of MRF. Given the economic contribution of MRF (260,000 €/year in direct expenses), this activity should be considered in the regulations.

La pesca y el clima en el Amazonas

En este artículo que acabamos de publicar en PlosOne, analizamos las relaciones entre las pesquerías multi-específicas y el clima en el bajo Amazonas.

Area estudio Amazonas

Área de estudio del trabajo en el Río Amazonas

Este es el resumen del trabajo:

This paper aims to describe the spatial-temporal variability in catch of the main fishery resources of the Amazon River and floodplain lakes of the Lower Amazon, as well as relating the Catch per Unit of Effort with anomalies of some of the Amazon River, atmosphere and Atlantic Ocean system variables, determining the influence of the environment on the Amazonian fishery resources. Finfish landings data from the towns and villages of the Lower Amazon for the fisheries of three sites (Óbidos, Santarém and Monte Alegre), were obtained for the period between January 1993 and December 2004. Analysis of variance, detrended correspondence analysis, redundancy analysis and multiple regression techniques were used for the statistical analysis of the distinct time series. Fisheries production in the Lower Amazon presents differences between the Amazon River and the floodplain lakes. Production in the Amazon River is approximately half of the one of the floodplain lakes. This variability occurs both along the Lower Amazon River region (longitudinal gradient) and laterally (latitudinal gradient) for every fishing ground studied here. The distinct environmental variables alone or in association act differently on the fishery stocks and the success of catches in each fishery group studied here. Important variables are the flooding events; the soil the sea surface temperatures; the humidity; the wind and the occurence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation events. Fishery productivity presents a large difference in quantity and distribution patterns between the river and floodplain lakes. This variability occurs in the region of the Lower Amazon as well as laterally for each fishery group studied, being dependent on the ecological characteristics and life strategies of each fish group considered here.

Resultados Amazonas

Relaciones entre las pesquerías y el clima en el Amazonas bajo los fenómenos de El Niño y la Niña.